Nanozymes Production

Nanozyme is a kind of nano materials with enzymatic properties. It can catalyze the substrate of enzyme under mild conditions, produce the same catalytic efficiency and catalytic mechanism as natural enzyme, and can be used as a substitute for natural enzyme in biomedical and biological reactions.

The discovery of nano enzyme is based on the new characteristics of materials in nano scale (1-100 nm) which are different from their macro scale. In general, nano materials are chemically inert substances and do not have biological effects. For example, Fe3O4 nano materials are usually considered to be inorganic inert substances. Their magnetic characteristics are widely used in the separation and purification of proteins and nucleic acids, cell labeling, tumor treatment and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. If we want to endow magnetic nano materials with more functions, such as catalytic activity, people often use "addition" to modify some enzymes or other catalytic groups on their surface, to obtain catalytic function. Modified azacrown on the surface of gold nanoparticles and chelated with zinc ions to obtain the catalytic activity of shearing phosphate diester bond to simulate the function of RNase. Although the modified gold nanoparticles are also called nanozymes, their catalytic activity comes from the surface modified chemicals, not from the characteristics of the nanomaterials themselves.

Like natural enzyme, nanozyme can efficiently catalyze the substrate of enzyme under mild conditions, showing similar catalytic efficiency and enzymatic reaction kinetics to natural enzyme; However, it is more stable than natural enzyme and can maintain 85% catalytic activity even in strong acid / strong base (pH 2 ~ 10) or a large temperature range (4 ºC ~ 90 ºC). In addition to catalytic activity, nanozymes also have some unique physical and chemical properties, which provides conditions for the design of complex catalytic systems. When applied to the detection of test strips, the sensitivity is increased by 100 times, breaking through the bottleneck of long-term application of traditional test strips due to low sensitivity. This new technology has become the first nano enzyme product. What is more gratifying is that animal experiments show that nano enzymes have the functions of protecting myocardium, improving Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke, indicating that the application research of nano enzymes has been expanded from in vitro to in vivo, which is expected to provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of diseases.

The advent of nanozyme has changed the traditional concept that inorganic nano materials are a biological inert material, revealed the internal biological effects and new characteristics of nano materials, enriched the research of simulated enzyme, expanded it from organic composites to inorganic nano materials, and expanded the application range of nano materials. In view of the high catalytic activity of natural enzymes and the stable and economic characteristics of simulated enzymes, since the report of HRP like enzyme activity nano enzymes in 2007, the research of nano enzymes has risen rapidly and gradually covered a wide range, including different fields such as material science, physics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and environment.

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have multiple enzymes like activities and magnetic properties. Through molecular modification such as antibodies or peptides, they can separate, capture, and target, and then be used in biomedical sensing, imaging, and immune detection. Prussian blue (PB) nanoparticles with rich redox potential have multiple enzyme activities such as peroxidase like, catalase like and superoxide dismutase like. It is also a very potential iron-based nanozyme. In addition, gold nanoparticles are also enzyme like nanomaterials found to have multiple enzyme activities such as oxidase like, peroxidase like, catalase like and superoxide dismutase like.

Figure 1. Advantages of nanozymes (Stasyuk, N.; et al.2020)

Services

The activity of nanozymes depends on their chemical structure, shape, particle size, and surface morphology, which can all be affected by charges, coatings, doping, loading, and external fields. With the development of nanotechnology, the morphology of synthesized nanozymes can be effectively controlled. The Profacgen's nanozyme R&D platform will provide nanozyme design, construction and customized production services according to different needs. The production methods we provide include but are not limited to:

• Hydrothermal and solvothermal methods: the most promising production techniques to obtain low-cost nanocrystals with well-controlled dimensions
• Chemical reduction method: the most common method, fast and simple
• Sol-gel method: controlling crystallinity, morphology, and magnetic properties of the nanozymes by screening complexing agents, concentration and type of chemical additives, and temperature conditions
• Co-precipitation method: it is a good option when higher purity and better stoichiometric control are required

Profacgen has accumulated lots of experience in nanotechnology. Our professional technical team can provide customers with high-quality nanozymes production and many related featured services. Our competitive prices and extensive expertise have earned us the trust of our collaborators. Contact us to find out how Profacgen could be of assistance.

Reference

1. Stasyuk, N.; et al. Synthesis, Catalytic Properties and Application in Biosensorics of Nanozymes and Electronanocatalysts: A Review. Sensors (Basel). 2020.